Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is an annual, thistle-like plant native to arid regions of the Old World and now grown widely for its oil-rich seeds. Its bright yellow, orange, or red flowers were historically used as a natural dye, while modern cultivation focuses mainly on safflower oil, which is used in cooking, cosmetics, and industrial products. Drought-tolerant and well adapted to dry climates, safflower can reach about 3 feet in height and produces spiny leaves that help protect it from grazing animals.